Benefit of speed reduction for ships in different weather conditions

Currently, the shipping industry is facing a great challenge of reducing emissions. Reducing ship speeds will reduce the emissions in the immediate future with no additional infrastructure. However, a detailed investigation is required to verify the claim that a 10% speed reduction would lead to 19% fuel savings (Faber et al., 2012).This paper investigates fuel savings due to speed reduction using detailed modeling of ship performance. Three container ships, two bulk carriers, and one tanker, representative of the shipping fleet, have been designed. Voyages have been simulated by modeling calm water resistance, wave resistance, propulsion efficiency, and engine limits. Six ships have been simulated in various weather conditions at different speeds. Potential fuel savings have been estimated for a range of speed reductions in realistic weather.It is concluded that the common assumption of cubic speed-power relation can cause a significant error in the estimation of bunker consumption. Simulations in different seasons have revealed that fuel savings due to speed reduction are highly weather dependent. Therefore, a simple way to include the effect of weather in shipping transport models has been proposed.Speed reduction can lead to an increase in the number of ships to fulfill the transport demand. Therefore, the emission reduction potential of speed reduction strategy, after accounting for the additional ships, has been studied. Surprisingly, when the speed is reduced by 30%, fuel savings vary from 2% to 45% depending on ship type, size and weather conditions. Fuel savings further reduce when the auxiliary engines are considered.     

动车组位置追踪系统常见问题影响分析及解决方法

从动车组位置追踪系统的系统原理、系统接口等方面出发,分析了系统日常应用过程中常见问题的影响,并给出了相应的解决方法,为动车段/所位置追踪系统的设计、应用和维护提供了积极的思路。     

地铁联络通道涌水涌砂治理技术研究

针对西安地铁联络通道施工过程中出现的涌水涌砂情况,从地层、坑底突涌稳定性验算,旋喷桩加固、降水井施工等多方面进行了分析,并制定了相应的方案,即通过初支加固、涌水点多次反压,增设降水井、组合浆液注浆、监测等方式进行处理,涌水得到了有效控制,并确保了后续未完成工程的安全。     

地铁供电系统中压开关柜电流分析理论和方法

通过分析地铁供电系统不同电压等级的设备电流特征,确定35 kV电压等级设备电流可构造标准曲线,采用机器智能学习算法分析、测算地铁供电系统中各类开关峰谷时段运行电流,以均值-方差方法确定电流的高度异常偏离点,实现异常点数据周期内统计以及实时提醒功能。应用电流实测值分析电流在工作日、节假日的不同曲线,为负荷预测和非正常运行方式下的负荷叠加风险提供预测和评估依据,保障供电系统的安全运行,提高负荷管控效率。     

长三角地区液化天然气接收站的发展前景

为了剖析长三角地区液化天然气(LNG)市场发展形势,从而为长三角地区科学布局LNG接收站提供参考,开展长三角地区天然气消费现状及发展趋势分析,梳理影响天然气市场发展的因素,对长三角地区天然气需求量进行预测。通过供需能力平衡分析,判定长三角地区LNG接收站承担的进口LNG接卸量还有较大的增长空间,未来2~3年将是LNG接收站的建设热潮。基于未来发展形势分析,从规划布局、功能定位及市场化等方面提出促进长三角LNG接收站发展的建议。     

直流综合电力推进内河吹泥船的设计

简要介绍了当前国内较为先进的新型直流综合电力推进内河吹泥船的研发背景及其主要性能参数,重点阐述了本船在开发设计过程中船型优化、直流综合电力推进系统、吸泥装置和冲水装置、定位系统、移船系统等方面的一些创新技术和特点,本船的开发设计对推进内河绿色、高效、高产能船舶具有较大的现实意义和示范作用。     

葛洲坝船闸浮式检修门快速精准对位

葛洲坝船闸浮式检修门(以下简称浮门)是葛洲坝船闸检修设备设施的重要组成部分,在停航期检修中起下游挡水作用,为闸室廊道、下游人字门等检修项目提供无水环境。葛洲坝船闸浮式检修门快速精准对位,是提高葛洲坝船闸停航期检修效率的基础。浮门快速精准对位主要分为3个步骤:浮门门体入槽、门体对位、快速沉浮。通过分析葛洲坝船闸浮式检修门对位现状,从浮门影响因素入手分析研究葛洲坝船闸浮门快速精准对位。     

新冠肺炎疫情下对提升交通运输综合执法能力的思考

当前，我国正处于新冠肺炎疫情防控最吃劲的关键时期，同时也是交通运输综合执法改革深入推进的攻坚阶段。面对疫情防控的严峻考验，交通运输综合执法能力的既有短板与疫情防控中暴露出的新问题相互交织，提升交通运输综合执法能力显得十分紧迫而必要。为此，采用文献调查、访谈研究和实证分析等方法，总结了抗击疫情期间的交通运输执法状况，分析了疫情防控对交通运输综合执法能力建设带来的挑战，从完善执法工作机制、提升专业处置能力、严格规范执法行为、创新执法方式方法、强化执法作风建设、建立法律服务体系、强化执法保障等七个方面，就提升交通运输综合执法能力提出了对策建议。     

液压式盾构/TBM主机平移-空推集成装置的研制

研究目的:目前,隧道掘进机平移与空推工艺多采用不同装置分步完成,装置安装耗时费力,严重影响项目施工进程,且国内外没有可同时解决掘进机主机平移和空推的工法或装置。本文研制了一种基于液压的盾构/TBM主机平移-空推集成装置,将平移与空推工序合一,可极大提高工程施工效率,实现荷载600 t盾构/TBM主机连续移位。研究结论:(1)利用液压力驱动液压马达实现装置移位和驱动轮90°转向,实现了平移与空推工艺集成;(2)多轮系和从动轮碟簧设计可优化载荷分布,从动轮选用自润滑推力关节轴承使装置可适应一定倾斜度和不平度,提升装置运行平稳性;(3) 600 t荷载下,利用聚氨酯包敷于钢轮外的复合轮设计减小了轮系与地面接触应力,降低地面要求;(4) ANSYS仿真分析表明承载台架满足强度要求;(5)目前该装置已成功应用于青岛地铁8号线项目,缩短工期20 d,填补了国内外技术空白,应用前景广阔。     

Structural relationships among shipper’s perception,value, and choice intention of Korea–China train ferry service

ABSTRACT

The logistics environment between China and Korea has been changing rapidly in line with the ‘Go West’ policy of international trade and logistics area. The policy includes the BRI, Western Development Strategy, and Korea–China FTA. Against this background, the Korea–China train ferry (KCTF) is being newly illuminated as an alternative mode to cope with the logistics environment between Korea and China. One of the key success factors of the KCTF depends on, among others, shippers’ perception, which will affect the choice and the successful operation of the KCTF. From this perspective, this paper develops seven hypotheses based on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). We test these hypotheses using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to explore the structural relationship between shippers’ behavioral beliefs influencing the perceived usefulness, the attitude toward and intention to choose the KCTF. The test results confirm that among the behavioral beliefs, transport accessibility in association with an efficient network of inland roads and railway networks is an important prerequisite. In addition, we verified a high statistical significance in the structural relationships among perceived usefulness, the attitude toward and the intention to choose the KCTF.